Browse Research

Thesis · 2025

BALIK-LOOB STORIES: UNVEILING LIVED EXPERIENCES

Authors: BUSTAMANTE, BEN GABRIEL M. PARAGUYA PRINCESS H. LAGAMON CHRISTIAN G. MASOCOL EMMAN M. ARANJUEZ HARVEY BACALSO C-J B.

Abstract The lived experiences of former New People’s Army (NPA) surrenderees remain underexplored despite the significant physical, psychological, and social challenges they endured during armed involvement and their transition back to civilian life. This study aimed to determine the lived experiences of Balik-Loob individuals, particularly former NPA surrenderees, regarding their conditions and realities while involved in the armed movement. A qualitative descriptive phenomenological design was employed, involving five former NPA rebels from Barangay Daliaon Plantation, Toril, Davao City, selected through purposive sampling, with data gathered through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that participants experienced severe physical hardship, including scarcity of basic resources, constant displacement, and persistent threats to their safety, alongside psychological burdens such as fear, trauma, and moral uncertainty. Their armed involvement also caused fractured family relationships, emotional separation, and social harm within their communities, while exposing them to the harsh realities that challenged their initial beliefs and expectations about revolutionary struggle. Despite these difficulties, participants developed resilience, discipline, and transformed perspectives on social justice, eventually recognizing peaceful reintegration, forgiveness, and community cooperation as more meaningful paths toward personal growth and societal contribution. The study concludes that the lived experiences of Balik-Loob individuals are marked by profound hardship and transformation, shaping their journey from armed struggle toward peaceful reintegration and renewed purpose in civilian life. It is recommended that government agencies and local communities strengthen psychosocial support, livelihood assistance, and community-based reintegration programs to ensure the successful recovery, acceptance, and long-term stability of former rebels. Keywords: Balik-Loob, Former NPA Surrenderees, Lived Experiences, Reintegration, Armed Conflict, Qualitative Phenomenology

Thesis · 2025

LEVEL OF COMMUNICATION SKILLS AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT OF CRIMINOLOGY OFFICERS

Authors: EBAD, SHENNIE MARRES G. VELUZ, KEITH GABRIEL L BARRADAS, RONNEL A. UGANAP, GWENDEL O. FRANCISCO, YUVY D. MULONG, ARCHIE A.

Abstract Conflicts among students are common in educational institutions and often require capable student leaders who can effectively communicate and manage disputes. This study aimed to determine the level of communication skills and conflict management among criminology officers of Davao Central College and to examine the significant relationship between the two variables. Using a quantitative descriptive-correlational research design, data were gathered from 291 Bachelor of Science in Criminology students who evaluated the communication skills and conflict management abilities of criminology officers through a researcher-made questionnaire. Statistical tools such as mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were utilized in analyzing the data. Results revealed that communication skills (M = 3.39) and conflict management (M = 3.43) were both rated as Very High. Furthermore, findings showed a strong and significant positive relationship between communication skills and conflict management (r = .740, p < .05). The results indicate that criminology officers who demonstrate higher levels of verbal and non-verbal communication skills are more likely to exhibit stronger conflict management abilities in terms of listening, responding, and making judgment. The findings support the Communication Competence Theory of Dell Hymes, which emphasizes that effective and appropriate communication contributes to successful interpersonal interactions and conflict resolution. It is recommended that criminology officers continue participating in communication and conflict management training programs, while the criminology department and school administration strengthen leadership development initiatives to further enhance these competencies among student leaders. Keywords: Communication Skills, Conflict Management, Verbal Communication, Non-Verbal Communication, Criminology Officers, Communication Competence Theory.

Thesis · 2025

A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY ON BULLIED STUDENT

Authors: SERRANO, JOHN LAURENCE M. REGOYA, PETER JOHN B. ALBARACIN, MICHAEL P. PEREZ, JOHN BRYAN O. ESCABARTE, JERIAN D. JUDAR, BENEDICT H.

Abstract This study explores the lived experienced of bullied student, focusing on the micro level of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory specifically the Family, Peers and School. Using a Qualitative Phenological research design the study involved selected participants who directly experienced bullying. The study found that bullying negatively affects students’ emotional and psychological well-being, leading to fear, low self-esteem, and social withdrawal. These experiences are influenced by the family, school, and peers. Support from family and friends helps students cope, while effective school responses improve their safety and well- being. Recovery is possible through resilience and strong support systems, showing that bullying, coping, and recovery are interconnected. This study highlights that bullying has serious emotional and psychological effects on students, and their experiences are shaped by the support they receive from family, school, and peers. It also emphasizes that strong support systems and effective responses can help students cope and recover from bullying. Key words: Bullied student, lived experience, Phenomenological.

Thesis · 2025

BARANGAY SECURITY INITIATIVES AND SOCIAL COHESION AS PREDICTORS ON PERCEIVED RESIDENTS’ SAFETY IN DALIAON PLANTATION

Authors: DELPONSO, SEVERA MARIE ANDAL, CARL JOSEPH B. DUYAN, HANNAH MAE O. TUBOG, KING LLOYD D. POLLO, CARL MARI S. MORTA, CRIZZA JIE F. JUANITE, ANNIKA A.

Abstract This study focuses on how barangay security initiatives and social cohesion affect the perceived safety of residents in Barangay Daliaon Plantation, Davao City. It aims to identify the level of security measures, social connection among residents, and how safe they feel, as well as to determine if these factors are related to each other. The researchers used a descriptive-correlational design with a predictive approach. A total of 50 residents aged 30 and above were selected through random sampling. Data were gathered using a self-made questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. The results showed that barangay security initiatives were rated high, while social cohesion was rated very high, meaning that residents have strong trust and cooperation within the community. Perceived safety was also rated high, showing that most residents feel secure in their area. The findings also revealed that both security initiatives and social cohesion have a significant relationship with perceived safety. When combined, these variables can predict how safe residents feel. The study concludes that strong security efforts and good relationships among residents help improve community safety. Keywords: Barangay security, social cohesion, perceived safety, community, safety measures

Thesis · 2025

PERCEIVED GOVERNMENT TRANSPARENCY AND STUDENTS’ TRUST IN THE GOVERNANCE

Authors: BAYRON, RALPH LORENZ MANGALOS, ANGEL MAE SANTIAGO, APPLE MAE GABI, ALYYAH SANDRA SABERON, ANGELINE AVILA, CHRISTIAN ORIAS, KARYLL

Abstract Declining trust in governance among students has become a growing concern, as perceptions of government transparency may influence their confidence in public institutions and governance processes. This study aimed to determine the influence of perceived government transparency on students’ trust in governance at Davao Central College. Using a quantitative non-experimental descriptive-correlational and predictive research design, the study involved 270 college students selected through proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were gathered using a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, Pearson Product Moment Correlation, and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. The findings revealed that the level of perceived government transparency and students’ trust in governance were both high, with anti-corruption measures and effectiveness in law enforcement obtaining the highest mean scores in their respective variables. Correlation analysis showed a significant positive relationship between perceived government transparency and students’ trust in governance (r = .839, p = .000), indicating that higher levels of transparency are associated with higher levels of trust among students. Regression analysis further revealed that access to public information, anti-corruption measures, and budget expenditure transparency significantly influenced students’ trust in governance, while accountability of government officials did not significantly predict trust. The regression model explained 70.6% of the variance in students’ trust in governance. The findings support Transparency Theory, which emphasizes that openness, accessibility of information, and accountability strengthen public confidence in governance institutions. The study highlights the importance of transparent governance practices in fostering students’ trust in governance and recommends that government institutions continue strengthening transparency initiatives, improve public access to reliable information, and reinforce anti-corruption practices to sustain and enhance public trust among students and citizens. Keywords: Government transparency, students’ trust in governance, correlation analysis

Thesis · 2025

THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF IMPLEMENTORS OF THE BARANGAY ANTI-DRUG ABUSE COUNCIL PROGRAM

Authors: DESIERTO, PRINCE RYAN O. LUCHAVEZ, RHYAN REY B. ORLANES, IAN MARIONNE LAURONAL, JOMARIE A. DE GUZMAN, RENIEL A. TAGSIP, JOHN REY M.

Abstract The implementation of the Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse Council (BADAC) program plays a crucial role as a community-based strategy in addressing drug-related problems at the grassroots level. However, its implementation also exposes various challenges experienced by those directly involved in the program. This study explored the lived experiences of BADAC implementors in Catigan, Davao City, Philippines using a qualitative phenomenological design. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews with selected barangay officials using purposive sampling and were analyzed through thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns and meanings. The findings revealed several key themes. The first, Structural and Operational Challenges in BADAC Implementation, highlights difficulties such as monitoring reformists, insufficient resources, and the heavy demands of documentation and reporting. Another theme, Community-Centered and Holistic Approach to Drug Rehabilitation, emphasizes the importance of livelihood assistance, active family participation, and reintegration programs that support the recovery and social reintegration of individuals affected by drug use. Furthermore, the theme Multi-Agency Coordination and Collaborative Governance underscores the significance of strong partnerships among different agencies to ensure more effective and coordinated implementation of the program. The study also identified emotional demands experienced by implementors, as well as positive outcomes that contribute to sustained program engagement and continuity. Anchored in Realist Program Theory, the findings suggest that program outcomes are shaped by the interaction of context, mechanisms, and intervention processes. Overall, the study underscores the need for stronger institutional support, continuous capacity-building, and sustainable, community-based interventions to enhance BADAC implementation effectiveness. Keywords: BADAC, lived experiences, phenomenology, thematic analysis, barangay implementors

Thesis · 2025

THE PHYSICAL DEMANDS OF POLICE TRAINING ON PREPAREDNESS OF CRIMINOLOGY STUDENTS

Authors: CAMBAYA, WENY ROSE C. MONDING, RENALENE S. DELA GENTE, HARRY C. THOMAS, MALIKSHA S. CARRINO, HANELYN D.

Abstract Physical fitness plays an important role in preparing criminology students for the physical demands of police training. This study determined the relationship between the physical demands of police training and the physical preparedness of criminology students. A quantitative research design, specifically the descriptive– correlational method, was used in this study. Data were gathered through a survey questionnaire administered to 100 criminology students selected as respondents. The data were analyzed using statistical tools such as mean, standard deviation, and Pearson correlation coefficient. The findings revealed that the level of physical demands of police training was high, particularly in activities such as push-ups and sit-ups, which were rated very high, while the 3-kilometer run was rated high. The results also showed that the level of physical preparedness of criminology students was high in terms of both physical strength and physical endurance. However, the correlation analysis indicated that there was no significant relationship between the physical demands of police training and the physical preparedness of criminology students. This means that students’ preparedness may depend more on their personal training and physical conditioning rather than the perceived demands of police training. Keywords: Physical Demands, Physical Preparedness, Police Training

Thesis · 2025

COPING WITH DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: EXPERIENCES OF BATTERED WOMEN SURVIVORS

Authors: ADLAWAN, KENT VAN KRISTOFFER LARRY N. PLEÑOS, CHRISTIAN JAMES E. CELEBRADO, RENIEL C. CELEBRADO, RONIEL C. DUMAGO, RAYMOND G. BASUNILLO, KYLE D.

ABSTRACT This study explored the lived experiences and coping strategies of battered women survivors of domestic violence using a qualitative phenomenological research design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with selected participants and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that survivors experienced continuous abuse, emotional pain, social isolation, and diminished self-worth, reflected in the themes Compounding Violence as Everyday Reality, Shattered Trust and Social Isolation, and Eroded Self-Worth and Internalized Shame. Despite these challenges, participants demonstrated resilience through coping mechanisms such as Assertive and Legal Self-Protection, Spiritual and Emotional Regulation, and Relational Support and Children as Lifelines. The study also identified the long-term effects of abuse through Disruption of Daily Life and Lingering Trauma. However, survivors gradually rebuilt themselves through Identity Reconstruction and Assertiveness and Relational Wisdom and Cautious Rebuilding, demonstrating personal growth, empowerment, and recovery. The study highlights the importance of emotional support, legal protection, counseling services, and community-based interventions in helping women survivors recover and rebuild their lives after experiencing domestic violence. Keywords: domestic violence, battered women survivors, coping strategies, lived experiences, resilience

Thesis · 2025

THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC SIMULATIONS AND RISK AWARENESS AMONG CRIMINOLOGY STUDENTS

Authors: CASTARITAS, REIGNA FRANCINE D. MEGALLON, NEIL FRANCIS N. RESTAURO, JOHN LLOYD M. ORTILANO, JASMIN LIAM O. AMAGUEN, KEYTRELL A. DEGAMO, GRACE M.

Abstract Modern criminology education often lacks sufficient experiential learning opportunities that develop students' risk awareness and preparedness for real- world situations. This study aimed to determine the relationship between participation in simulation activities and risk awareness among criminology students. The study utilized a quantitative non-experimental correlational research design using survey questionnaires administered to 200 criminology students selected through purposive quota sampling. The findings revealed that criminology students demonstrated a very high level of participation in simulation activities and a very high level of risk awareness. The results further showed a significant moderate positive relationship between participation in simulation activities and risk awareness, which affirms Experiential Learning Theory. The study recommends strengthening simulation-based training programs to further improve criminology students' practical skills, preparedness, and risk awareness. Keywords: organic simulation, risk awareness, criminology students, quantitative non-experimental correlational design, purposive quota sampling, experiential learning theory

Thesis · 2025

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM AND LEVEL OF CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS

Authors: RAZONABLE, CHRISTIAN KYLE C. BAJENTING, FRITZ GERALD N. SADINO, ACE CHRISTIAN B. CADELIÑA, SHEANALYN J. LIBO, PRINCESS LEILA V. SERJAS, JEREMY N.

Abstract This study examines the relationship between the National Service Training Program (NSTP) and the level of civic consciousness among students. Specifically, it aims to determine whether participation in NSTP activities influences students’ awareness of social responsibilities, community involvement, leadership, and patriotism. A quantitative research design was utilized, and data were collected through survey questionnaires administered to selected college students who had completed the NSTP program. The findings of the study revealed that there is no significant relationship between participation in NSTP activities and the level of civic consciousness among students. Although NSTP encourages volunteerism, discipline, cooperation, and community participation, the results indicate that these factors did not significantly affect the students’ civic consciousness. The study concludes that while NSTP remains an important component of student development, other factors may also influence the formation of civic awareness and social responsibility. Therefore, the study recommends further enhancement of NSTP activities and additional research to identify other variables that may contribute to students’ civic consciousness. Keywords: NSTP program, civic consciousness, significant relationship